KEAJEKAN KONSEPTUAL DALAM METAFORA BARU

Authors

  • Bahren Umar Siregar Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v32i2.24

Keywords:

conceptual stability, novel metaphors, conventional metaphors, conventionality

Abstract

The present reserch on metaphors attempts to study (a) to what degree we can determine the conceptual stability of novel metaphors, and (b) whether the level of conventionality of the novel metaphors has an effect on their conceptual stability. Three relatively new metaphors such as Jeruk kok minum jeruk, literally means ‘How come an orange drinks the orange juice’, Cicak lawan buaya or Cicak vs. buaya (Lizard vs. Crocodile) and Bahasa Indonesia sebagai penghela ilmu pengetahuan (The Indonesian language as a carrier of knowledge) and their usage in various online media and websites were selected as data. The research has shown that the conceptual stability of a novel metaphor is determined by frequent use of the metaphor and saliency of its figurative meaning. As the level of conventionality of the metaphor also depends on the frequency of its use, the conventionality, therefore, has an effect on the conceptual stability

References

Black, Max. 1993. “More about Metaphor.†Dalam A. Ortony (Ed.). Metaphor and Thought (hlm. 19-41). (Edisi 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cameron, Lynne J. 2008. Metaphor and Talk. Dalam R.W. Gibbs, Jr. (Ed.). The Cambridge Handbook of Metaphor and Thought, 197–211. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Evans, Vyvyan dan Melanie Green. 2006. Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Fogelin, Robert J. 1994. Metaphors, Similes and Similarity. Dalam J. Hintikka (Ed.). Aspects of Metaphor, 23-40. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Gärdenfors, Peter. 1999. Some Tenets of Cognitive Semantics. Dalam J. Alwood dan P. Gärdenfors (Eds.). Cognitive Semantics: Meaning and Cognition, 19-36. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Gibbs Jr., Raymond W. 2010.The Wonderful, Chaotic, Creative, Heroic, Challenging World of Researching and Applying Metaphor: A Celebration of the Past and Some Peeks into the Future. Dalam G. Low, Z. Todd, A. Deignan, dan L. Cameron (Eds.). Researching and Applying Metaphor in the Real World, 1-20. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Grady, Joseph. 1999. A Typology of Motivation for Conceptual Metaphor: Correlation vs. Resemblance. Dalam R.W. Gibbs, Jr., dan G. J. Steen (Eds.). Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics, 79-100. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Glucksberg, Sam dan Matthew S. McGlone. 1999. When Love Is Not a Journey: What Metaphors Mean. Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1541- 1558.

Indonesia, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2013. Bahasa Indonesia Wahana Pengetahuan. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Indonesia, Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2008. Kamus Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.

Johnson, Mark. 1987. The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Jones, Lara L. dan Zachary Estes. 2006. Roosters, Robins, and Alarm Clocks: Aptness and Conventionality in Metaphor Comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language 55, 18–32.

Kittay, Eve Feder. 1987. Metaphor: Its Cognitive Force and Linguistic Structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kövecses, Zoltan. 2010. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. (Edisi 2.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kronfeld, Chana. 1980-1981. Novel and Conventional Metaphors: A Matter of Methodology. Poetics Today, 2(1b), 13-24.

Lakoff, George. 1987. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, George. 1993. The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor. Dalam A. Ortony (Ed.). Metaphor and Thought, 202-251. (Edisi 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lakoff, George dan Mark Johnson. 1980a. Conceptual Metaphor in Every Day Language. The Journal of Philosophy, 77(8), 453-486.

Lakoff, George dan Mark Johnson. 1980b. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, George dan Zoltan Kövecses. 1987. The Cognitive Model of Anger Inherent in American English. Dalam D. Holland dan N. Quinn (Eds.). Cultural Models in Language and Thought, 195–221. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lakoff, George dan Mark Turner. 1989. More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Martins, Helena. 2006. Novel Metaphor and Conceptual Stability. D.E.L.T.A., 22 (Especial), 123-145.

Murphy, Gregory L. 1996. On Metaphoric Representation. Cognition 60, 173-204.

Novitz, David. 1985. Metaphor, Derrida, and Davidson. The Journal Of Aesthetics And Art Criticism, 44(2), 101-114.

Ricoeur, Paul. 1975. The Rule of Metaphor: Multi-Disciplinary Studies in the Creation of Meaning. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Siregar, Bahren Umar. 2004. “Metaphors of Governance in the Language of the Indonesian Press.†Dalam Z. Ibrahim, A. R. Mohd. Zaid, F. Kamaruddin, L. Baskaran, & R.S. Appacutty (Eds.). Language, Linguistics and the Real World. Volume II: Language Practices in the Workplace, 111-134. Kuala Lumpur: Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, University of Malaya.

Siregar, Bahren Umar. 2005. “Jeruk kok Minum Jeruk: Gejala Metaforis dan Metonimisasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia.†Linguistik Indonesia, 23(2), 181-192.

Steen, Gerard J., dan Aletta G. Dorst, J. Berenike Herrmann, Anna A. Kaal, Tina Krennmayr, Trijntje Pasma. 2010. A Method for Linguistic Metaphor Identification: From MIP to MIPVU. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Thibodeau, Paul H. dan Frank H. Durgin. 2008. “Productive Figurative Communication: Conventional Metaphors Facilitate the Comprehension of Related Novel Metaphors.†Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 521-540.

Ureña, José Manuel. 2012. “Conceptual Types of Terminological Metaphors in Marine Biology: An English-Spanish contrastive analysis from an experientialist perspective.†Dalam: F. MacArthur, J.L. Oncins-Martínez, M. Sánchez-García, dan A.M. Piquer-Píriz, A.M. (Eds.). Metaphor in Use: Context, Culture, and Communication, 239-260. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Downloads

Published

21-08-2014

How to Cite

Siregar, B. U. (2014). KEAJEKAN KONSEPTUAL DALAM METAFORA BARU. Linguistik Indonesia, 32(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v32i2.24