CULTURE-SPECIFIC PROPERTIES OF GREETING IN ACEHNESE AND TURKISH: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY IN CONVERSATIONAL OPENING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v41i2.415Keywords:
greetings, differences, Acehnese, TurkishAbstract
Greeting is widely used in establishing social interactions. However, due to cultural backgrounds, history, and geographical location differences, greetings are very different. This paper aims to examine differences between Acehnese and Turkish greetings reflected from the form, type, and function. Forty people involved in this study. Half of them are the fluent Acehnese speakers who live in Banda Aceh, Greater Aceh, and Sabang. The other half is Turkish people who live in the Turkic-speaking community in Aceh. The data were collected from direct observation and survey. The data were analyzed based on five steps, namely determining, classifying, analyzing, describing, and drawing the conclusion. The results showed that while both countries use verbal/non-verbal greetings and formal /non-formal greetings, Acehnese greetings are limited. Furthermore, Acehnese used seasonal greetings only for Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha whereas Turkish used it in various ways and divided into two categories: time-bound greetings and time-free greetings.
References
Chaer, A. & Agustina, L. (2010). Sosiolinguistik perkenalan awal. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.
Chen L. P. (1997). An analysis on English greetings from social and pragmatic perspectives. Journal of PLA Institute of Foreign Languages, 2, 18-23．
Firth, R. (1972). Verbal and Bodily Rituals of Greeting and Parting. In Jean Sibyl La Fontaine (eds.). The Interpretation of Ritual: Essays in Honor of A.I.Rechards. London: Tavistock, 1-38.
Harun, M. (2007). Memahami orang Aceh (aspek filsafat, etika, dan estetika). Banda Aceh: Unsyiah.
Halliday, M. (1979). Modes of meaning and modes of expression: Types of grammatical structure and their determination by different semantic functions (D. J. Allerton., E. Carney and D. Holdcroft, Eds.). London: Cambridge University Press.
Jdetawy, L. F. & Hamzah, M. H. (2020). Linguistic etiquette: A review from a pragmatic perspective. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 14, 695-717.
Jenkins, J. (2007). English as a lingua franca: Attitude and identity. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Jibreen, M, K. (2010). The speech act of greeting: A theoretical reading. Journal of Kerbala University, Humanities, 8(1), 1-25.
Jucker, A. H. (2017). Speech acts and speech act sequences: Greetings and farewells in the history of American English. Studia Neophilologica, 1-20.
La Saadi, M. & Ernawati. (2020). Greeting system in Banda Naira speech community: A sociolinguistic review. ERUDIO, Journal of Educational Innovation, 7(2), 148-154.
Katsumi, Y., Kim, S., Sung, K., Dolcos, F., & Dolcos, S. (2017). When nonverbal greetings “make it or break itâ€: The role of ethnicity and gender in the effect of handshake on social appraisals. J Nonverbal Behav, 41, 345-365.
Meiirbekov, A. K., Elikbayev, B. K., Meirbekov, A. K., & Temirbaev, B. A. (2015). Sociolinguistic aspects of the speech act of greeting in the Kazakh and English languages. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(6), 267-274.
Mohd, J., Aziz, J., & Musaev, T. (2020). The interlanguage pragmatics of Japanese daily greetings by Malaysian learners. Journal of Language Studies, 20(4), 113-129.
Nilsson, J., Norrthon, S., Lindström, J., & Wide, C. (2018). Greetings as social action in Finland Swedish and Sweden service encounters – A pluricentric perspective. De Gruyer Mouten, Intercultural Pragmatics, 15(1), 57-88.
Pattiasina, P. J. (2011). Ragam bentuk sapaan dalam Bahasa Melayu Ambon. Jurnal Jendela Pengetahuan, 4, 19-24.
Ramlan. (2018, April 28). Aceh tak punya ucapan terima kasih? Serambinews.com. (http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/04/28/aceh-tak-punya-ucapan-terima-kasih
Rashid, R. A., Ismail, I. R., Ismail, R., & Mamat, R. (2017). Ketidaksantunan dalam perbualan Bahasa Jepun oleh pemandu pelancong Malaysia. GEMA Online - Journal of Language Studies, 17(3), 86-105.
Rossano, F. (2012). Gaze behavior in face-to-face interaction. Nijmegen: Radboud University dissertation.
Rossano, F. (2013). Gaze in conversation. In Jack Sidnell & Tanya Stivers (eds.), The handbook of conversation analysis, 308–329. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
Sapir, E. (1956). Culture, language and personality. California: University of California Press.
Salmani-Nodoushan, M, A. (2007). Greeting forms in English and Persian: A socio-pragmatic perspective. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 4, 355-362.
Shawish, L. A. (2019). A pragmatic contrastive analysis of Greeting strategies in Jordanian Arabic and English. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 7(8), 104-123.
Shleykina, G. (2019). The interlanguage pragmatics of greetings: Beyond word. A Journal on Applied Linguistics and Language Education, 7(1), 43-60.
Stadler, S. (2018). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics. (C. A. Chapelle, Ed.). doi:10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0289.pub2
Stivers, T., & Rossano, F. (2010). Mobilizing response. Research on Language and Social Interaction 43(1). 3–31.
Sumarsono & Partana, P. (2002). Sosiolinguistik. Yogyakarta: Sabda-Pustaka Pelajar.
Susiyanto. (2016, November 30). Hubungan Aceh dan Turki Usmani. Suara Darussalam. www.suaradarussalam.com/2016/04/hubungan-aceh-dan-turki-usmani.html,
Usman, M. & Yusuf, N. (2017). Conversational opening in Acehnese: The pragmatic performance of native speakers. Journal of Arts, Science, and Commerce, 8(4), 51-57.
Wei, L. (2010). The Functions and use of greetings. Canadian Social Science, 6(4), 56-62.
Zahid, I. & Johari, A. (2018). Kesantunan Melayu: Analisis konteks perbualan dalam rancangan bual bicara. GEMA Online - Journal of Language Studies, 18(4), 168-185.
Zeff, B. Briklin. (2016). The pragmatics of greetings: Teaching speech acts in the EFL classroom. English Teaching Forum, 54 (1), 2-11.
Zhu, T. & Liu, Z. (2020). A comparative study of cultural differences between English and Chinese: A case study of Chinese and English greetings. ATLANTIS PRESS, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 497, 713-719.
Sumarsono & Partana, P. (2002). Sosiolinguistik. Yogyakarta: Sabda-Pustaka Pelajar.
Susiyanto. (2016, November 30). Hubungan Aceh dan Turki Usmani. Suara Darussalam. www.suaradarussalam.com/2016/04/hubungan-aceh-dan-turki-usmani.html
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Linguistik Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The name and email address in this journal will only be used for the benefit of the Indonesian Linguistics journal and will not be used for other purposes.
