Dinamika Multibahasa di Ruang Publik Kota Palembang sebagai Cerminan Identitas dan Globalisasi: Kajian Lanskap Linguistik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v43i2.832Keywords:
Lanskap Linguistik, kota Palembang, bilingualisme, multilingualismeAbstract
Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Lanskap Linguistik (LL) di kota Palembang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan metode agih. Ditemukan 127 data penggunaan multibahasa, yaitu bilingualisme menjadi ciri yang paling menonjol (64,57%), diikuti monolingual (22,05%) dan multilingual (13,39%). Variasi bahasa meliputi bahasa Indonesia (BI), bahasa Inggris (BIng), bahasa Palembang (BP), bahasa Arab (BA), bahasa Jawa (BJa), bahasa Mandarin (BM), bahasa Minang (BMi), bahasa Jepang (BJp) bahasa Belanda (BB), dan bahasa Korea (BK). Distribusi bahasa berdasarkan lokasi juga menunjukkan pola yang signifikan. Di restoran dan papan iklan jalan, dominasi BI—BP dan BI—Bing menunjukkan strategi komersial untuk menjangkau audiens lokal dan global, sekaligus menegaskan identitas Palembang. Tempat umum dan layanan transportasi cenderung menggunakan BI—BIng untuk informasi universal dan keselamatan, dengan sesekali menyertakan BP sebagai bentuk akomodasi lokal. Tempat wisata menampilkan percampuran bahasa yang lebih kompleks, termasuk BI, BP, BIng, serta bahasa asing lain seperti BB, BK, BJp, dan BM, yang bertujuan menarik wisatawan dan melestarikan warisan sejarah. Terakhir, sekolah swasta berbasis Islam dan tempat ibadah menunjukkan penggunaan BI—BA yang kuat, sementara BI—BM ditemukan di tempat ibadah yang merepresentasikan identitas religius dan etnis yang beragam. Secara keseluruhan, LL Kota Palembang menunjukkan manifestasi visual yang kaya akan multikulturalisme, sejarah, dan dinamika sosial ekonomi yang terus berkembang.
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